Galatia 1:6
Konteks1:6 I am astonished that you are so quickly deserting the one 1 who called you by the grace of Christ 2 and are following 3 a different 4 gospel –
Galatia 1:18
Konteks1:18 Then after three years I went up to Jerusalem 5 to visit Cephas 6 and get information from him, 7 and I stayed with him fifteen days.
Galatia 2:11
Konteks2:11 But when Cephas 8 came to Antioch, 9 I opposed him to his face, because he had clearly done wrong. 10
Galatia 3:23
Konteks3:23 Now before faith 11 came we were held in custody under the law, being kept as prisoners 12 until the coming faith would be revealed.
[1:6] 1 sn The one who called you is a reference to God the Father (note the mention of Christ in the following prepositional phrase and the mention of God the Father in 1:1).
[1:6] 2 tc Although the majority of witnesses, including some of the most important ones (Ì51 א A B Fc Ψ 33 1739 1881 Ï f vg syp bo), read “by the grace of Christ” (χάριτι Χριστοῦ, cariti Cristou) here, this reading is not without variables. Besides alternate readings such as χάριτι ᾿Ιησοῦ Χριστοῦ (cariti Ihsou Cristou, “by the grace of Jesus Christ”; D 326 1241s pc syh**) and χάριτι θεοῦ (cariti qeou, “by the grace of God”; 327 pc Thretlem), a few
[1:6] 3 tn Grk “deserting [turning away] to” a different gospel, implying the idea of “following.”
[1:18] 5 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[1:18] 6 sn Cephas. This individual is generally identified with the Apostle Peter (L&N 93.211).
[1:18] 7 tn Although often translated “to get acquainted with Cephas,” this could give the impression of merely a social call. L&N 34.52 has “to visit, with the purpose of obtaining information” for the meaning of ἱστορέω (Jistorew), particularly in this verse.
[2:11] 8 sn Cephas. This individual is generally identified with the Apostle Peter (L&N 93.211).
[2:11] 9 map For location see JP1 F2; JP2 F2; JP3 F2; JP4 F2.
[2:11] 10 tn Grk “because he stood condemned.”
[3:23] 11 tn Or “the faithfulness [of Christ] came.”
[3:23] 12 tc Instead of the present participle συγκλειόμενοι (sunkleiomenoi; found in Ì46 א A B D* F G P Ψ 33 1739 al), C D1 0176 0278 Ï have the perfect συγκεκλεισμένοι (sunkekleismenoi). The syntactical implication of the perfect is that the cause or the means of being held in custody was confinement (“we were held in custody [by/because of] being confined”). The present participle of course allows for such options, but also allows for contemporaneous time (“while being confined”) and result (“with the result that we were confined”). Externally, the perfect participle has little to commend it, being restricted for the most part to later and Byzantine witnesses.
[3:23] tn Grk “being confined.”